Cynthia A. Brewer is an American professor of geography at the Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, and author. She has worked as a map and atlas design consultant for the U.S. Census Bureau, National Cancer Institute, National Center for Health Statistics, and National Park Service. She teaches the introductory cartography and map design courses. Her specialism relates to visibility and color theory in cartography. She also works on topographic map design, multi-scale mapping, generalization, atlas mapping. She has been influential as a theorist for map representations and influences GIS professionals.
Her web, print, and colorblind-friendly set of colors known as ColorBrewer colors. have been used by numerous projects. She is responsible for the Apache 2.0 licensed web application ColorBrewer
Video Cynthia Brewer
Education
She graduated from McMaster University (Ontario, Canada) in 1979 and University of Guelph (Ontario, Canada) in 1983. She did herMasters in Geography with emphasis in cartography, Michigan State University, 1983 to 1986, presenting a thesis on The Development of Process-Printed Munsell Charts for Selecting Map Colors. After a year at University of California at Santa Barbara she obtained her doctorate from Michigan State University in 1991. Her dissertation was Prediction of Surround-Induced Changes in Map Color Appearance
Maps Cynthia Brewer
Academic career
She was Visiting Lecturer at the University of California at Santa Barbara, Department of Geography during the year 1986/87. On completing her doctorate she was Assistant Professor, for three years (1991 to 1994) at San Diego State University. She joined the Pennsylvania State University, Department of Geography in 1994 and has been Professor since 2007 and Head of Department since 2014.
Affiliate Faculty member of the, Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS), U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Interior, since 2008.
ColorBrewer
Choosing effective colour schemes for thematic maps, (or Choropleths) is unexpectedly complex. A sequence of colors has to be selected to represent the data. For deciles, ten related colors must be selected. These colors can chosen according to sequential, diverging and qualitative schemes.The results must consider the end-use environment for the map (e.g., CRT, LCD, printed, projected, photocopied). There are five colour specification systems with numbers commonly written in hexadecimal and decimal.
ColorBrewer is an online tool designed to take some of the guesswork out of this process by helping users select appropriate colour schemes for their specific mapping needs. It was launched in 2002. It is licensed using Apache 2.0 software license which is similar to CC-BY-SA 3.0.
Further research
Most of this work is applicable to computer based GIS work. Leading from the original work, investigations have been made into schemes for differing types of colorblindness. Other cartographers in this field include Gretchen N Petersen and Cindy's mentor Judy M Olsen.
See also
- Cartography
- Edward Tufte
- Chartjunk
- Scientific visualization
- GIS
References
Publications
- Books
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (2005), Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users, Esri Press, p. 220, ISBN 978-1589480896
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (2008), Designed Maps: A Sourcebook for GIS Users, Esri Press, p. 184, ISBN 978-1589481602
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (2015), Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users, 2nd Edition, Esri Press, p. 250, ISBN 978-1589484405
- Articles
- Harrower, Mark; Brewer, Cynthia A. (2003), "ColorBrewer.org: An Online Tool for Selecting Colour Schemes for Maps" (PDF), The Cartographic Journal, The British Cartographic Society, 40 (1): 27-37, doi:10.1179/000870403235002042
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (2006), "Basic Mapping Principles for Visualizing Cancer Data Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)" (PDF), American Journal of Preventive Medicine, ?, 30: S25-S36, doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.09.007, archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-25
- Brewer, Cynthia A.; Hatchard, Geoffrey W.; Harrower, Mark A (2003), "ColorBrewer in Print: A Catalog of Color Schemes for Maps", Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Cartography and Geographic Information Society, 30 (1): 5-32 (28), doi:10.1559/152304003100010929
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (2003), "A Transition in Improving Maps: The ColorBrewer Example", Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Cartography and Geographic Information Society, 30 (2): 159-162(4), doi:10.1559/152304003100011126
- Brewer, Cynthia A. (1996), "Guidelines for Selecting Colors for Diverging Schemes on Maps", The Cartographic Journal, Maney Publishing, 33 (2): 79-86(8), doi:10.1179/caj.1996.33.2.79
- An Evaluation of Color Selections to Accommodate Map Users with Color-Vision Impairments
External links
- personal page
- ColorBrewer2.org -- for sequential, diverging, and qualitative color ramps. Web, print, and colorblind friendly.
- TypeBrewer -- a tool to adjust typography on maps.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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