Clinical Pharmacy is a pharmaceutical branch where pharmacy physicians provide patient care that optimizes drug use and improves health, fitness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists treat patients in all health care settings but the clinical pharmacy movement was initially initiated within hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often work in collaboration with physicians, nursing practitioners, and other health care professionals.
Video Clinical pharmacy
Education and credentials
Clinical pharmacists have extensive education in biomedical, pharmaceutical, socio-behavioral and clinical sciences. Most clinical pharmacists have a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) Degree and many have completed one or more years of post-graduate training (eg, general and/or specialty pharmaceutical residencies). In the United States, clinical pharmacists may choose to become Board-certified through the Pharmaceutical Specialist Council (BPS), held in 1976 as an independent certification body of the American Pharmacists Association. BPS states pharmacists in the following specialties: outpatient pharmaceutical care, critical care pharmacies, nuclear pharmacies, nutritional support pharmacies, oncology pharmacies, child pharmacies, geriatric pharmacies, pharmacotherapy, and psychiatric pharmacies.
Maps Clinical pharmacy
Role in health care system
In the health care system, clinical pharmacists are experts in the use of therapeutic drugs. They routinely provide drug therapy evaluations and recommendations to patients and other health care professionals. Clinical pharmacists are a major source of scientifically valid information and advice on safe, precise, and cost-effective drug use. Clinical pharmacists also make themselves more readily available to the public. In the past, access to clinical pharmacists was limited to hospitals, clinics, or educational institutions. However, clinical pharmacists make themselves available through drug information hotlines, and review drug lists, all in an effort to prevent future treatment errors. In the UK, clinical pharmacists are routinely involved in the direct care of patients in hospitals, and increasingly, in physician surgery. They also develop post-enrollment professional education, professional curriculum for labor development, provide expertise on the use of medicines for national organizations such as NICE, Ministry of Health, and MHRA, and develop drug guidelines for use in the therapeutic field.
Clinical pharmacists interact directly with patients in several different ways. They use their knowledge of medication (including dosage, drug interactions, side effects, costs, effectiveness, etc.) to determine whether the treatment plan is appropriate for their patients. If not, the pharmacist will consult with the primary physician to ensure that the patient is on the right treatment plan. Pharmacists also work to educate their patients about the importance of taking and completing their medicines. Studies conducted in Chronic Disease Management led by Pharmacists show that it is associated with effects similar to ordinary treatments and can improve the achievement of physiological goals.
In some countries, clinical pharmacists are given prescriptive authority under protocol with medical providers, and the scope of their practice continues to grow. In the UK clinical pharmacists are given independent prescriptive authority.
The basic components of clinical pharmacy practice include prescribing drugs, drug administration, prescription monitoring, managing drug use, and counseling patients.
See also
- Pharmacy history
- Hospital pharmacy
- Professional Continuing Education in Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health
References
https://www.pharmacyregulation.org/education/pharmacist-independent-prescriber
External links
- Managed Care Pharmacy Academy
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy
- Board of Specialty Pharmacies
- Journal of Pharmacy and Clinical Therapy
- British Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
- The British Clinical Pharmacy Association
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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