A longboard is a similar type of sports equipment, but not the same as, skateboard. Often longer than a skateboard and have various shapes. This tends to be faster because of the size of the wheels, construction materials and more precise hardware. Longboards are generally used for racing cruises and downhill, known as longboarding, rather than skateboarding. Longboard 'dancing' and 'freestyle' are also becoming more popular styles, where motorists use maneuvers such as skateboards and step up and down boards, generally in a liquid way.
Video Longboard (skateboard)
Histori
The first long board was made by Preston Nichols in the 1940s and 50s as an alternative when the waves were too dim. Early skaters built dangerous and improvised boards of wooden boards and rollerblading in a practice known as Surfing Slides. The first Longboards produced became commercially available in 1959 when Makaha, Jack, and Hobie became the first professional longboard distributor. These early long boards are still relatively raw, as they still use metal wheels, but then have clay wheels due to better safety factors. Longboarding became a popular activity in the late 1950s and early 1960s, but its popularity was largely dead in 1965. Longboarding made a comeback in 1972 when Frank Nasworthy and the Cadillac Wheel Company introduced the urethane longboard wheel. The ureter wheel allows the skater to reach a very high dropping speed that was previously impossible. The standard vertical kingpin skateboard truck at that time could not maintain stability at this speed. In the 1990s, Sector 9 developed a reverse sideboard kingpin truck. The stability and maneuvering of inverted kingpin trucks helped longboarding decline into legitimate sport, with the International Gravity Sports Association (IGSA) as its governing body. The 90s also saw the introduction of deck pieces, which had cutting parts around the wheels to prevent the wheel touching the board during a hard turn. Longboard technology has grown tremendously to accommodate unique modern skating disciplines including downhill, slalom, freeriding, dancing, and freestyle. Modern longboard decks can be made from a variety of materials including fiberglass composites, aluminum, and carbon fibers. The precision truck, which is machined with advanced CNC technology and not die casting with mold, offers greater maneuverability and power than cast truck and has achieved popularity among professional skaters.
Maps Longboard (skateboard)
Dimensions
Most boards are 84 to 150 cm (33-59 inches) in length while the width varies from 22.8 to 25.4 cm (9.0 to 10.0 inches). There are several longboard shapes, such as pintails, swallowtails, flat-nose riders, drop-through decks, drop decks and boards of the same shape as standard skateboards. Pintail allows looser trucks and larger wheels that are better suited for carving or feeling "smooth", while dropping the deck and drop through allows the rider to get closer to the ground, then a lower center of gravity that improves stability and allows the board this is to support more high speed disciplines down the hill. Long boards, 94 to 127 cm (37 to 50 inches) are the most versatile. Weights and larger masses make them less suitable for many skateboarding tricks, but contribute to flowing motion by delivering more momentum. The longboard design allows for large turns or quick short engravings that are similar to the movements of surfers or snowboarders. Longboards have 3 axes: the tail axis (running from tail to tail), central axis (running straight down through the center of the board), and short axis (running from board width and perpendicular to the tail axis).
The record for longest long distance travel on the longboard was set by David Cornthwaite in 2006 when he slid 3,638.26 miles (5,855.21 km) from Perth to Brisbane in Australia. The record has been broken by Rob Thomas of New Zealand, which slid 7.555 miles (12,159 km). The record of ground speed on the longboard is set in 2012, when Mischo Erban reaches speeds of 129.94 km/h (80.741 mph).
Tools & amp; protection
'Culture helmet' is more common in longboarding than in skateboarding. Most riders wear protective equipment in all disciplines, and almost all professionals wear helmets and gloves. Longboard protective equipment is similar to standard skateboard equipment, with the exception of sliding gloves. Most longboarders wear gloves and shear helmets, as these are considered minimum protection. Additional protections include: skin, wrist protection, knee pads, elbow pads and occasionally spinal guards and soft shorts. Many professional longboard teams and riders are required to wear and advocate all aspects of protection. In sliding and descending discipline, motorists wear "sliding gloves" that special gloves are made of strong materials such as leather and synthetic fabrics, and have large discs called "pucks" attached to the palm of the hand. It is attached to protect the hand when the rider uses it to spin during a slide on the ground. Pucks are usually made of synthetic polymers: delrin, UHMW, or corian.
Components
Longboards are skateboards in terms of parts and general construction. However, the parts generally have different dimensions and the wheels may be much softer, which makes the long board feel very different from the skateboard everywhere. Longboards to glide, however, have relatively hard wheels.
Dek
Longboard decks are usually made of plywood: anywhere from two to eleven layers, each usually 2 millimeters (0.079 in) thick, consisting of birch, bamboo, maple, koa, or oak. Longboards are commercially available in various shapes and sizes. Each variety has certain advantages and disadvantages, which come into play depending on the technique or personal preferences of the rider.
The deck intended to climb down is usually stiff and has a wheelbase of about 30 "-28". Designers and manufacturers aim to make these boards as rigid and as light as possible. The three main design boards are drop-down, top mount and drop through. Each design has its own advantages.
The "drop deck" has a lower leg platform that sits below the height of the truck, as a result, there is a lower center of gravity that adds stability but provides less grip and maneuverability. The wooden deck deck is sunken and has a pouch of legs by a trickle. However, some carbon fiber boards display concave by droplets rather than pockets of legs that give more leverage when twisted.
The "drop through" design has pieces that allow the truck's base plate to protrude through the board, thereby lowering the deck and providing more stability. In addition, down through the deck reduces the grip, because the deck is closer to the axle and wheels when the wheel. There is also less influence on the truck, which makes turns more difficult.
The "Top mount" board is the simplest design of the three. There is no dramatic arch alongside the hollow of the foot. The board is on a truck like in a street skateboard. The advantages to this design include increased grip and ease of flipping; losses include a high center of gravity, which may contribute to a lack of stability.
There are many variations of the designs mentioned above, including a "double-drop" board, which incorporates drop through and drop down patterns. It's better to "freeride" because it's so low to the ground, which allows ease of glide. Space is important because there should be enough space on the board for the rider to shape the aerodynamic "skid". Decreased boards are made as tight as possible to minimize the amount of energy stored on the deck to reduce high-speed board shakes (known as "wobble speed").
Some boards are designed to be flexible. Flexible boards are typically intended for low-speed rides because when driving faster, a flexible board can have torsional flex which is one of the causes of wobble speed. Fiberglass is used in many new flexible boards because it is as light as carbon fiber but is more pliable.
Longboard decks can be shaped in such a way that they bend or descend along the board. They can also bend down along the width of the board. The sunken sign, which curves upward on its sides, gives the rider more friction for their feet and heels, thus giving them more control. Camber boards are a gradual upward arch along the board. This sets the center of the board on the truck seat. These are often used on flexible boards to prevent sagging boards while being driven. The "rocker" shape is the opposite of the camber, which sets the center of the board under the truck's ride while it is being driven. This allows the rider to more easily do tricks like sliding by locking their feet to the board.
The deck was recently made using materials other than wood. The type and quality of wood has been increasing over time and now many other "superior" materials have begun to be used. Aluminum, carbon fiber and fiberglass are just some of the new materials. Carbon fibers and fiberglass are used to strengthen or completely replace wood on the deck due to its better strength to weight ratio. Some pure carbon fiber boards with foam core, these can weigh far less than boards of the same size. Aluminum deck is a CNC cut aluminum sheet and an amazing shape can be made.
Fishtail
The fish tail shape is used to prevent the wheel from coming into contact with the board (called "wheelbite") while still providing enough leg room. Fishtail is most often used with trucks mounted on top. They are also good cruising boards.
Drop-Through
The Drop-Through Board, not to be confused with a deck of double decks, has pieces on the deck, allowing baseplates of trucks to be mounted via deck. The derived platform allows for higher stability at high speeds. Some examples of drop-through decks are Landyachtz Drop Speed, Drop Jaseboard, Rayne Vendetta, Bustin Maestro, Original Freeride series, Sector 9 Motha Star and Loaded Tan Tien.
Hybrid
These type of longboards include wheel cuts that provide space for the wheel to spin at a sharper angle while avoiding wheelbite. Hybrids also tend to be shorter than other longboards, which allows the rider to be more stable.
Cruiser
The most common deck shape, it has a shape somewhat similar to a normal skateboard, where they have a "kick-tail" on the back. The main difference is that trucks higher than standard skateboard trucks are also wheels may be larger and much softer than standard skateboard wheels. Busing is much more flexible, giving the rider the ability to change (engrave) and maneuver more efficiently. This board is more likely to cause "bite-wheels".
Some of the high quality deck brands are Loaded, Bustin, Original, Sector 9, Arbor, Santa Cruz, and Landyachtz.
Truck
The truck is a metal rotating mechanism that connects the longboard wheel to the deck. They come in a variety of styles, with a larger truck which means a wider circle. They use the footwork and the rider's body to rotate the board by turning the connection in the middle of the truck. There are usually two types of trucks used on long boards: an inverted kingpin truck and a conventional skateboard truck (vertical padlock). Conventional skateboard trucks have an inner kingpin (towards the center of the board) of the shaft, while the inverted kingpin truck has a kingpin on the outer side (toward the nose and tail) of the shaft.
Popular conventional skateboard trucks include Independent and Tracker. The reverse kingpin truck is popular including Randal and Paris. The inverted kingpin truck is made taking into account the longboarding. While they are usually considered to have more grip and stability (two important things in discipline are down), conventional trucks have very different shades that are often favored by many longboards.
The width of the hanger can greatly affect the truck's rotational characteristics. Wider hangers are considered more stable (change faster). This is because the board generally has a smaller lever on the hanger, the wheel has a longer distance to travel to the corner, and more sloping boards are lost due to compression of the bushing.
The baseplate angle also greatly influences the change and stability of the truck. As a general rule, because the smaller the degree, the truck will be more stable, but less turn (basically turns more vertical oriented than horizontally oriented). For example, trucks with baseplates of 44 degrees will generally be more stable (turn less) than trucks with 50 degrees baseplate.
Bushing
Bushing is probably the easiest thing to change on a truck to change the nuance of how it's changed. Foams are usually made of polyurethane material, and come in various shapes and durometers (hardness). The two most standard forms of bushing include barrels and cones. Barrels, having a larger shape, are often considered to have more stability and rebound while the cone, has a narrower shape, allowing more rotation and less rebound. The durometer of bushing also greatly influences its characteristics. Lighter bushing (like a bus with a rating of about 97A) would be much harder to turn on than a smoother bushing (about 78A). The type of washers used with bushing can also greatly influence bushing characteristics. While it depends on the size of the washing machine, generally the cupped washers will be the most limiting on the bushing, the flat washer will be neutral, and the alternate cup wash will be the least restrictive. Another aspect of the longboard that has an influence on bushing performance is the seat bushing in the truck. The bushing seat is the area in the hangar where the bushing makes contact. This area often has a rim to fence the edges of the busing, adding a small amount of restriction when the bushing changes shape through the turn. Some trucks have very loose or even non-existent bushing seats, while others have very tight buses, greatly reducing deformation of bushing. Tighter busses are commonly found in trucks that are designed faster in the mind because they offer more stability and lean.
Raiser bearings
The riser pad increases the distance between the wheels on the longboard and the deck to prevent wheel bites (when the deck scratches the wheels, causing the wheel to stop spinning). They also reduce the load on the deck of the truck directly in contact with it and the vibrations caused by the ride. The riser bearings are usually made of plastic. Shock bearings, which are more elastic than the riser pads, serve the same function with just more emphasis on reducing strain and reducing the increase in distance between the wheel and the deck. The riser bearings also come skewed which can make the boards rotate more or less. The sloping staircase is usually used in long distance pumping to help assist the rider in pushing the board without pushing.
Bearing
Longboard pads are all about reducing unnecessary friction to allow impeccable action. Bearings connect the wheels to spin smoothly. Bearings can be made of many materials, including steel (the most common), titanium, or ceramic. Ceramic pads are the most expensive. Bearings are usually rated on an ABEC scale. The rating runs from 1-9, using only odd numbers. The higher the rating, the more precise tolerance of the bearings has been worked out. However, the ABEC rating is not mandatory and not all bearings use the ABEC rating. Some companies will use other methods to describe resilience and bearing resistance. Optionally, longboard adds spacer pads between bearings on wheels. This allows for wheel nuts to be fastened all the way down to eliminate high-frequency rocking and improve bearing lifetime.
Grip Tape
Grip tape is a sandy material at the top of the board that gives the appeal so your shoes stay on the board. The tape comes in a roll that has a strong adhesive on the bottom. They are applied to the top of the board and then cut to fit the shape. Black sheets are the most common, but they can come in a variety of colors or can even come in clear spray form on the adhesive. Most black tape grips are made of silicon carbide which gives excellent grip and stays for a long time. However, some of the most colorful black bands and ribbons are made of aluminum oxide which is a cheaper material and will lose a lot of grip after time. Records get dirty after a lot of use, clearer on clearer and lighter colors. It will lose a lot of grip after using it for a while, but it is easily replaced by heating the board to loosen the adhesive at the bottom and use a razor blade to separate it from the board.
Wheel
Almost all longboard wheels are made of urethane. Longboard wheel performance is determined by five characteristics: height, lip shape, contact patch, durometer, and hub settings. The typical longboard wheels range from 65 to 107 millimeters (2.6 to 4.2 inches). The higher wheels will have a slower acceleration but faster rotational speed. The smaller wheels have the opposite effect. Wheel Durometer is how hard urethane it is. The softer wheels will eventually be slower than the harder wheels on smooth surfaces. As the road surface gets rougher, the softer wheels provide a smoother and faster ride. The fastest Duro for a normal path is about 80a. The softer wheels have a stronger hold than the tougher wheels on any surface. The wheel contact lever is the width of the wheels that makes contact with the road. In general, the wider the wheel, the more traction it has. Wheels can have a width of between 50 to 100 mm (2.0 to 3.9 inches), but are usually between 60 and 70 mm (2.4-2.8 inches). The shape of the lips has a noticeable effect on traction. The round lips are made for removal into the slide and the square lip is made for grasping. The square-lined wheels come off but the slides are not as smooth as a round wheel. The wheel hub (or core) is a plastic (or sometimes aluminum) center of the wheel that holds the bearings. The position of the hub affects the nature of the wheel.
Centerset wheel
Hubs in the centeret wheel are arranged equidistant from each steering wheel. Centerset wheels tend to have the most clutches, because they have large inner lips, and that is the inner lip of the most-held longboard wheel. Some longboarders prefer the wheels to slide because they wear more evenly and when they become cone they can be reversed and still have the same feel. The Centerset wheel is harder to remove than the other wheels, and more speed is lost during the slide, but the slides are more controlled because of the wheel's grip.
The side-set wheel
Side-set has wheel hub set flush with inner edge of wheel. The side-set wheels offer a smooth transition from the handle to the slide, the slides are usually longer than the other wheels. This type of wheel has the fastest and most uneven wear because the weight of the rider is at the very depth of the wheel. Freeriding is usually the discipline used for this particular type of wheel.
The offset wheel
The hub of the offset wheel is between the center and the inner edges of the wheel. The offset wheels provide fewer grips than the footrest wheels, but more than one side wheel. Similarly, they break more easily than the center wheels, but less easily than the side wheels. This wheel usually has a square edge for more traction around the corner or in the chisel. Off-set wheels are the most common wheels, usually used and designed for Downhill but they are used for all other disciplines as well.
Additional tools
Glove
A pair of sliding gloves is an essential part of the equipment for longboarding. Sliding gloves for control as well for safety. They allow the rider to touch the road and lean on his or her hand (or) to glide to a stop, to pre-drift to the corner, touch the path to regain balance if balance is lost, and to protect the hand and support the rider's body during the fall. There are many styles of motion that can also slow down the rider that can be used called slides. There are various slides like K9, pendulum, coleman, and 1 foot stalefish. These types of gloves can be made at home with just a thick layer of plastic, and gloves.
Kahuna Stick
The Kahuna Stick is a large pole or stick, usually with rubber or similar material at the end. This can be used to drive the long-distance rider without using the rider's legs, and is primarily a form of drive that is lowered by the rider's arms. Rubber tips sometimes resemble wheels but they can not spin because they are tied up. Being in wheel shape allows even wear as the rider can loosen, rotate and tighten again instead of having to replace the rubber.
See also
- Skateboard
- Longboarding
- Snakeboard
- Skateboard
- Slalomboard
- Adrenalina Skateboard Marathon
- Brakeboard
- Mountain Boarding
- Hamboards
References
External links
- Longboard (skateboard) in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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