One Hundred One Dalmatians , often abbreviated as 101 Dalmatians , is an American animated adventure film produced by Walt Disney and based on the 1956 novel The Hundred and One Dalmatians by Dodie Smith. The 17th Disney animated film tells the story of the Dalmatian puppies who were kidnapped by the evil Cruella de Vil, who wanted to use their fur to wear a coat. Their parents, Pongo and Perdita, set out to save their children from Cruella, while saving 84 additional puppies bought in pet stores, bringing the total number of Dalmatians to 101.
Originally released to theaters on January 25, 1961, by Buena Vista Distribution, One Hundred and One and One Dalmatians is a box office success, exciting studio out of the financial downturn caused by Sleeping Beauty i >, more expensive production which was released two years earlier. Apart from the box office, commercial success is due to the use of animation technique that is not expensive - such as using xerography during the process of the ink and paint traditional animation cels - which makes the cost of production down. It was made back into a live action film in 1996.
Video One Hundred and One Dalmatians
Plot
Songwriter Roger Radcliffe lives in a bachelor flat in London, along with his Dalmatian, Pongo. Bored with bachelor life, Pongo decides to find a wife for Roger and a mate for himself. While watching the various female-female pups out the window, she found the perfect one, a woman named Anita and Dalmatian women, Perdita. He quickly told Roger to get out of the house and drag him through the park to arrange a meeting. She and Anita fall in love and get married.
Later, Perdita gave birth to fifteen puppies. On the same evening, they were visited by Cruella De Vil, a former rich schoolmate from Anita. He offers to buy the entire garbage, but Roger says that they are not for sale. A few weeks later, he hired his men, Jasper and Horace, to steal them. When Scotland Yard can not find it, Pongo and Perdita use the "Twilight bark", a dog gossip line, to ask for help from other dogs in London.
Colonel, an old sheepdog, along with his compatriot Captain, a gray horse, and Sergeant Tibbs, a cat cat, found puppies in a place called Hell Hall (abandoned and dilapidated Cruella family housing, also known as The De Vil Place), along with many of the other Dalmatian puppies she bought from various dog shops. When Tibbs learned that they would be made into a dog-leather coat, the Colonel quickly sent back news to London. After receiving the message, Pongo and Perdita leave town to take their puppies. Winter has arrived, and they have to cross the fast-running Stour River and loaded with broken ice plates. Meanwhile, Tibbs overhears Cruella ordering Jasper and Horace to kill the puppies that night for fear the police will soon find them. In response, Tibbs tries to save them while Jasper and Horace are busy watching television, but they finish their show and come to them before he can get them out of the house. Pongo and Perdita burst in and face Jasper and Horace just as they will kill the puppies. While the adult dogs attacked them, Colonel and Tibbs guided the puppies from the house.
After a happy reunion with their own puppies, Pongo and Perdita realize there are dozens of other people with them, including themselves. Surprised by Cruella's plan, they decide to adopt everything, convinced that Roger and Anita will never reject them. They started walking back to London through thick snow; all open water freezes. Other animals help them along the way. Cruella, Jasper, and Horace chased after them. In one city, they covered themselves with soot so that they looked like labrador gauges, then piled up in a moving van to London. When leaving, melt the snow clean the soot and Cruella see them. Angered, he followed the van in his car and dumped it, but Jasper and Horace, who tried to cut him from above, finally bumped into him. Both vehicles crumbled to pieces and fell into a deep chasm; and battered, bruised and stranded, Cruella and his men were eventually defeated. Cruella shouted in frustration as the van was leaving but Jasper finally got the nerve to tell him to shut up.
Dodie Smith wrote The Hundred and One Dalmatians book in 1956. When Walt Disney read it in 1957, he immediately caught his attention, and he soon gained his due. Smith always secretly hopes that Disney will make it into a movie. Disney commissioned Bill Peet to write a story, which he did, marking the first time the story for a Disney animated movie was written by one person. Writing in his autobiography, Peet was assigned by Disney to write detailed scenarios first before the storyboard. Since Peet had never learned to use a typewriter, he wrote the initial draft by hand on a large yellow tablet. He solidified the elements from his original book while enlarging others, some of which included removing Cruella's husband and cat, and pressing two surrogate mother mothers into one character, Perdita. He also defended the scene in which Pongo and Perdita exchanged wedding vows in unison with their owners, where the censorship council warned that it might offend certain religious audiences if the animals repeated the exact words of a serious religious ceremony. The scene was reworked to be less religious with Roger and Anita dressed in formal attire.
Two months later, Peet finished the manuscript and typed it. Walt says the script is "great stuff" and commissioned Peet to start storyboards. In addition, Peet was charged with recording the voice-over process. Although Disney was less involved in the production of animated films as often as in previous years, however, he was always present at story meetings. When Peet sends Dodie Smith several pictures of characters, he responds by saying that he has really improved his story and that his design looks better than the illustrations in the book.
Animation
Art direction
After Sleeping Beauty (1959) was disappointed at the box office, there was some talk to close the animation department at the Disney studio. During the production, Disney told animator Eric Larson: "I do not think we can go on, it's too expensive". Nonetheless, he still has a deep feeling towards animation because he has built a company on it.
Ub Iwerks, who is in charge of a special process in the studio, has experimented with Xerox photography to assist in animation. In 1959, he had modified the Xerox camera to transfer images by animators directly to animated cels, removing the ink process, thus saving time and money while maintaining the spontaneity of the pencil element. However, due to its limitations, the camera can not deviate from the rough black lines and does not have a good quality ink hand. Disney will first use the Xerox process for spiked forests in Sleeping Beauty, and the first production to use the full process is Goliath II . For One Hundred and One Dalmatians , one of the benefits of the process is that it is a great help to animate spotted dogs. According to Chuck Jones, Disney is able to finish the film at about half of the cost that must be incurred if they have to animate all dogs and spots.
Ken Anderson proposed the use of Xerox on Dalmatians to Walt, who was later disillusioned with the animation, replied "Ah, yes, yes, you can play around all you want." For a stylish artistic direction, Anderson takes the inspiration of British cartoonist Ronald Searle, who once advised him to use Mont Blanc's pen and Indian ink for his artwork. In addition to character animation, Anderson also tried to use Xerography on "background painting because I would apply the same technique to the whole image." Along with the Walt Peregoy color scheme, both have a line drawing printed on separate animated cells before being placed in the background, which gives an appearance similar to Xerox animation. Disney does not like the artistic look of the film and feels he is missing the "fantasy" element of his animated films. In a meeting with Anderson and the animation staff about the film of the future, Walt said, "We'll never have one of those damn things" referring to Dalmatians and the technique, and stated, "Ken never goes become an art director again. "
Ken Anderson took this heart, but Walt eventually forgave him on his last trip to the studio in late 1966. As Anderson recalled in an interview:
He looked very sick, I said, "Well, nice to meet you, Walt", and he said, "You know the things you do in Dalmatians ". He did not say anything else, but he just gave me this look and I know that all is forgiven and he thinks maybe what I do to Dalmatians is not so bad. That was the last time I saw it. Then, a few weeks later, I knew he was gone.
Live action reference
Like previous Disney films, actors provide direct action references to determine what will work before the animation process begins. Actress Helene Stanley made a live action reference to the Anita character. She does the same job for Cinderella and Aurora Princess characters in Sleeping Beauty. Meanwhile, Mary Wickes provides a live action reference for Cruella de Vil.
Character animation
Marc Davis is the only animator in Cruella De Vil. During production, Davis claimed his character was partly inspired by Bette Davis (nothing to do), Rosalind Russell, and Tallulah Bankhead. She takes further influence from her voice actress, Betty Lou Gerson, with whom she adds her cheekbones to the characters. He then praised "[t] hat [he] sound is the greatest thing I've ever had the opportunity to work.A voice like Betty Lou gives you something to do.You get that performance going there, and if you do not" Take advantage of that, you're out of your rocker. "While her hair coloring comes from the illustrations in the novel, Davis discovers his messy style by looking" through old magazines for the hairstyle from 1940 to the present. "His coat is exaggerated to match his over- , and the layer is red because "there is a picture of the devil involved."
Casting
Before starring in high-profile roles like The Birds and The Time Machine, Australian actor Rod Taylor has extensive radio experience, and acts as Pongo. The filmmakers deliberately throw dogs with deeper voices from their human owners so they have more power. Walt Disney originally Lisa Davis reads for the role of Cruella De Vil, but he does not think that he's right for that part, and wants to try to read Anita's role. Disney agreed with him after they both read the manuscript a second time.
Betty Lou Gerson, formerly a narrator for Cinderella, auditioned for the role of Cruella De Vil in front of Marc Davis and director Wolfgang Reitherman, and landed it. While searching for a proper character accent, Gerson landed with a "fake charade, someone who sailed from New York but had not yet reached England." During the recording process, he is considered to imitate the Tallirah Banker. However, Gerson denied, "Well, I accidentally imitated him... I grew up in Birmingham, Ala., And Tallulah came from Jasper, Ala.We both had a fake English accent on top of our Southern accent and a great deal of talent. out like that. "In addition to voicing Ny. Birdwell, Gerson finished recording in fourteen days.
Music
In order to have the music involved in the narrative, Peet uses the old theater tricks where the protagonist is a down-and-out songwriter. However, unlike previous Disney animated films at the time, the songs were not composed by the team, but by Mel Leven who composed the lyrics and music. Previously, Leven had composed songs for the UPA animation studio where the animator, who was transferred to work at Disney, had recommended it to Walt. His first task was to write "Cruella de Vil", in which Leven composed three versions. The final version used in the film is composed as a "blues number" before a meeting with Walt in forty-five minutes.
The other two songs include the movie "Kanine Krunchies Jingle" (sung by Lucille Bliss, who voiced Anastasia Tremaine in Disney's 1950 Cinderella film) and "Dalmatian Plantation" where only two lines were sung by Roger at the closing. Leven also wrote additional songs that were not included in the movie. The first song, "Do not Buy Beo Birds from Sailor", a cockney song, meant to be sung by Jasper and Horace at De Vil Mansion. The second song, "Cheerio, Good-Bye, Toodle-oo, Hip Hip!" sung by dalmatian puppies as they walked to London. The third song titled "March of the One Hundred and One" is meant for dogs singing after escaping from Cruella by van. Different, longer versions of "Kanine Krunchies Jingle" and "Dalmatian Plantation" appeared on Disneyland Records's read-along album based on the film.
Maps One Hundred and One Dalmatians
Release
One Hundred and One Dalmatians was first released in theaters on January 25, 1961. The film was re-released theatrically in 1969, 1979, 1985, and 1991. Home videos
? She released the film on VHS on April 10, 1992, as part of the Walt Disney Classics video series. By June 1992, it had sold 11.1 million copies. At that time, it was the sixth best-selling video of all time. It was re-released on March 9, 1999, as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video series. Due to technical issues, it was never released in Laserdisc and was delayed many times before it was released on DVD. The film was re-released on VHS, and for the first time on DVD, in December 1999, as Walt Disney Limited Issue for a limited period of sixty days before entering the moratorium. The two-chip Platinum DVD Edition was released on March 4, 2008. The album was released on Blu-ray Disc in the UK on September 3, 2012. The Blu-ray Diamond Edition was released in North America on February 10, 2015.
Reception
box office
In its initial release, the film grossed $ 6.2 million in domestic rentals. It is also the most popular film of the year in France, with revenue of 14.7 million ranked 10th in their all-time list. The film earned $ 14 million during the initial run. The film was re-released in 1969, where it earned $ 15 million. In a 1979 theatrical release, the film grossed $ 19 million, and in 1985, the film grossed $ 32 million. During his fourth re-release in 1991, he earned $ 60.8 million. The film's total gross lifetime is $ 145 million, and its gross worldwide is $ 215 million. Adapted to inflation, and incorporating the next release, the film has a lifetime gross of $ 888,264,400.
Critical reaction
In its initial release, the film received critical acclaim from critics, many of whom called it the best release in the studio since Snow White and Seven Dwarfs (1937) and the closest to the real "Disney" movie. within a few years. Howard Thompson of The New York Times wrote, "While the story moves steadily toward the melodramatic and melodramatic chorus of clarity, it remains sealed in a Disney framework typical of warm family love, humans and dogs. " However, he later argued that "[s] ongs are also rare, some will withstand the last starkness." Variety claims that "While not as fascinating or inspired as some of the most unforgettable animation efforts in the studio, it is a genuine creative effort." Left praised the film as "the most upbeat, most endearing, and most arrogant Walt Disney cartoon feature ever made."
The contemporary review remains positive. Reviewing the film in a 1991 release, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times, while delivering a three-star movie of four, asserted that "this is an uneven film, with inspirational moments in a fairly conventional story about kidnapping and rescue.This is not one of the great Disney classics - it's not in the same league as Snow White or Pinocchio - but it's fun, and it will entertain the target family audience. "The Chicago Tribune film critic, Gene Siskel, in 1991, also gave the film three stars out of four. Ralph Novak from People writes "What's lacking in romantic luxury and fancy spectacle, Disney's 1961 film makes a calm and refined charm Even if there's a movie with dogs, cats and horses talking "In 2011, MSNBC's Craig Berman ranked and remake 1996 as the two worst childhood films of all time, saying," The plot itself is a bit crazy, making a coat from a dog? do it? But worse than Cruella de Fashion sense Vil is the fact that your kids will definitely start asking for their own Dalmatian for next birthday ".
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported the film received an approval rating of 98% based on 30 reviews with an average score of 8.1/10. The website's important consensus reads, "With many impressive dogs and villains (Cruella De Vil), this is one of Disney's most enduring and entertaining animated movies. "
- List of American Film Institutions
- AFI 100 Years... 100 Movies - Nominated
- 100 Years AFI... 100 Heroes and Villages:
- Cruella De VilÃ, - No. 39 Villain
- The top 10 AFI Animation Animation Movies
Legacy
Remake
In the years since the original release of the film, Disney has taken the property in various directions. The earliest of these attempts was a live-action remake, <101 Dalmatians (1996). Starring Glenn Close as Cruella De Vil, none of the animals speak in this version. His success in theaters led to 102 Dalmatians , released on November 22, 2000.
TV series
After the first live-action version of the film, an animated series titled 101 Dalmatians: The Series was launched. The designs of these characters are preferred to allow for economic animation and to attract contemporary trends.
Sequel
101 Dalmatians II: The London Patch Adventure , the official sequel to the original animated film, was released live-to-video on January 21, 2003.
Live-action spin-off
Disney has announced that live-action movies are under development, but will focus on the origin of Cruella de Vil. Emma Stone is set to play Cruella and Alex Timbers is negotiating to direct the movie.
See also
- List of top-selling animated movies
- List of grossing movies in France
- List of American films of 1961
- List of feature movies animated 1960s
- List of Walt Disney Pictures
- List of Disney theatrical animation features
- Second weekend in box office performance Ã,§ Second weekend upgrade
References
External links
- Official website
- One Hundred Dalmatians at AllMovie
- One hundred One Dalmatians on IMDb
- One Hundred and One Dalmatians in the TCM Film Database
- One Hundred Dalmatians at Rotten Tomatoes
- One Hundred One Dalmatians in Box Office Mojo
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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