Broadband Internet in Israel has been available since the late 1990s in theory, but only practically for most customers in 2001. In 2008, Israel has become one of the few countries with broadband capabilities developed in two types of infrastructure - cable and DSL - reach over 95% of the population. Broadband market penetration actually stands at 77%, ranked 7th in the world. In 2010, Israel ranked 26th in The Economist's Digital Economy Rankings.
Internet in Israel is provided through telephone and cable infrastructure, by Bezeq and Hot respectively. Bezeq provides dial-up and ADSL, while HOT provides cable Internet services. Every ADSL or cable Internet user must pay separately to the infrastructure provider and to the ISP, due to competition law.
Unlimited, the new company formed as a subsidiary of the Israeli electricity company and other telecommunications companies, is expected to become the third competitor in the infrastructure market by 2015, and will provide customers with symmetrical FTTH lines ranging from 100Mbit/sec and up to 1Gbit/s.
Video Internet in Israel
Histori
In November 1990, the undersea cable EMOS-1, connecting Israel with Turkey, Greece, and Italy, was deployed. This is the first Israeli underwater cable made, and added by CIOS in April 1994. Since then, other cables have been laid out that have provided great capacity ties between Israel and abroad.
Until 1997, most domestic Internet traffic was routed directly between the ISPs, or through an academic network of Israeli universities operated by IUCC. Since 1997, the Israeli Internet Association has been responsible for operating the Internet Exchange of Israel (IIX) where much domestic Internet traffic is distributed.
Broadband Internet has been available in Israel through ADSL since the late 1990s in theory, but only became practical for average residential customers in 2001. This was made possible by a significant increase to the Internet infrastructure in 1999, at a cost of over one billion money. Since then the price has dropped significantly.
Also in 2001, the Communications Act of 1982 was amended to allow the provision of broadband Internet through cable infrastructure.
Maps Internet in Israel
Connection specifications
The average download speed in domestic broadband connections in Israel is 27Mbit/s, while the average upload speed is 3.1Mbit/s. Maximum speed through cable modem provider (Hot) connection is 200 Mbit/s and 5 Mbit/s for consumer (and 500Mbit/sec and 10Mbit/sec for business customers in certain market) through DOCSIS 3.0, service begins on October 21, 2009. All ADSL services require and use the PPPoE protocol, and cable modem connections generally operate via DHCP. For speeds below 30Mbit/sec, cable users may choose to use VPNs using the PPTP/L2TP protocol.
Bezeq, the premier local exchange operator, began launching their Next Generation Network (NGN) in 2009 with a theoretical speed of up to 100 Mbit/s using a combination of fiber to the curb (FTTC) and ADSL2/VDSL2 technologies. Their initial NGN product offerings are 10 Mbit/s and 15 Mbit/dtg and 800rb/s more upload speeds than ADSL2, with the best business package up to 100 Mbit/s available from October 2010. According to Bezeq, NGN is slated to reach 90 percent of households in Israel by the end of 2011 and a 100 Mbit/s offer will be awarded in 2012. Its main cable competitor, HOT, uses DOCSIS 3.0 infrastructure that allows higher bandwidth.
The three largest mobile phone operators, Pelephone, Partners, and Cellcom, offer HSPDA services, typically 24 Mbit/s, over 3G networks respectively. Partner is the first provider to operate a consumer 4G (LTE) network, achieving a theoretical symmetric speed of 100Mbit/s. Starting today, all major mobile operators offer Advanced LTE 4G connectivity at 1800 MHz and 2600 MHz frequencies, available in most of Israel's most populous areas, but the service is limited to about 20% of their maximum speed since the Israel Communications Ministry has not finished allocating full spectrum of required frequencies.
ISP interconnection
Israel is connected abroad with three submarine cables: MedNautilus, owned by Telecom Italia, Bezeq International Optical Systems, and Tamire Telecom marine cables. Domestic connectivity is provided by Israel Internet eXchange (IIX), the meeting point of the Internet Service Provider center in Israel.
Internet service provider
Due to competition laws, every DSL or cable Internet user must pay separately to the infrastructure provider and to the Internet service provider (ISP). Infrastructure provided by Bezeq (via dial-up and DSL) and Hot (cable Internet). All cellular companies (Pelephone, Partners, Cellcom and Mirs) provide wireless Internet infrastructure, and also function as Internet service providers.
The three major Internet service providers are 012 Smile, 013 Netvision (including Rimon Internet) and Bezeq International. In 2006, the companies held their respective market share of 34, 33 and 30 percent, although these figures include international phone calls. Overall, as of August 2012, there are 43 companies with ISP licenses granted by the Ministry of Communications.
Satellite
In Israel, Gilat Satellite Networks provides multi-gigabit broadband access per second to consumers and the defense industry through high throughput satellite.
Future plans
The third ground Internet infrastructure is being built by Israel Electric Corporation, which will provide fiber for home access in the country, starting with Beersheba. This follows the approval of the communications ministry March 6, 2011. The network is called "Unlimited" and will provide access to 1 Gbit/d to Israeli homes. Once the network is laid, speeds above 1 Gbit/s will be possible. Bezeq is also set to conduct similar experiments at Petah Tikva in 2012, paving the way for FTTH connections in Israel.
By 2020, Quantum Cable 160 tbps will be added to the arrangement of submarine communications cables that land in Israel.
See also
- Communications in Israel
- Israeli media
References
External links
ISP
- 099 Primo Communications
- 012 Smile Communication
- 013 Netvision
- 014 Bezeq International
- 018 XFone
- 019
- HEAT
- Triple Cloud
- QUICKLY
- Internet series
- Internet Binary
More
- Israel Internet Association
- Gronau Commission Report 2008 (short version) (in Hebrew)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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