A pen name ( nom de plume , or double literature ) is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant of the original name) Adopted by a writer and printed on the title page or line by line of their work in exchange for their "real" name. Pen names can be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise their gender, to keep an author away from some or all of their previous work, to protect authors from levy on their writings, to combine more than one author into a single author, or for any number of reasons related to the marketing or aesthetic presentation of the work. The author's name may be known only to the publisher, or it may become common knowledge.
Video Pen name
western literature
Europe and the United States
An author may use pen names if his real name is likely to be equated with the names of other authors or well-known individuals. For example, from 1899, British politician Winston Churchill wrote with the name Winston S. Churchill to distinguish his writings from American novels of the same name, which were by then much better known.
Authors who regularly write in more than one genre can use different pen names for each, sometimes without trying to hide their true identity. The romance writer Nora Roberts wrote an erotic thriller under pen name J. D. Robb (such books entitled "Nora Roberts wrote as J. D. Robb"); Scottish writer Iain Banks wrote mainstream or literary fiction under his own name and published science fiction under Iain M. Banks; Samuel Langhorne Clemens uses the alias Mark Twain and Sieur Louis de Conte for various works. Similarly, a writer who writes both fiction and non-fiction (like mathematician and fantasy writer Charles Dodgson, who writes as Lewis Carroll) can use a fictitious name for fiction writing. The science fiction writer Harry Turtledove has used the name H. â € <â € Occasionally, pen names are used to avoid overexposure. Leading writers for porridge magazines often have two and sometimes three short stories that appear in one magazine edition; the editor will create some fictitious author names to hide this from the reader. Robert A. Heinlein wrote the story under the pseudonym Anson MacDonald (a combination of his middle name and his wife's current name) and Caleb Strong so that more of his works could be published in one magazine. Stephen King published four novels by the name of Richard Bachman because publishers do not feel the public will buy more than one novel per year from a single author. Finally, after critics discover a large number of stylistic similarities, the publisher reveals Bachman's true identity. Sometimes a pen name is used because an author believes that their name does not match the genre that he wrote. The Western Novelist Pearl Gray dropped his first name and changed the spelling of his last name to Zane Gray, because he believed that his real name did not match the Western genre. The romantic novelist, Angela Knight, writes with that name and not her real name (Julie Woodcock) because of the double meaning of her family name in the context of the genre. Romain Gary, who was a famous French writer, decided in 1973 to write a novel in a different style with the name of ÃÆ' â € ° Ajar mile and even asked his cousin's son to impersonate as Teach; so he received the most prestigious French literary prize twice, which was banned by the prize rules. He revealed his affair in a book that he sent his editor before committing suicide in 1980. The name of the pen can be shared by different authors to suggest the author's continuity. Thus the series of English pesantren stories, originally written by the prolific Charles Hamilton by the name of Hilda Richards, were taken by other writers who continued to use the same pseudonyms. In some fictional form, the pen name adopted is the name of the main character, to suggest to the reader that the book is an autobiography (fictitious). Daniel Handler uses Lemony Snicket's pseudonym to present his Serial Events series as a history by an acquaintance of the main character. Some, however, do this to fit a particular theme. One example, Pseudonymous Bosch, uses the questioner name only to extend the theme of confidentiality in The Secret Series .
Some female authors have used pen names to ensure that their work is accepted by publishers and/or the public. That was the case of Clarinda of Peru, whose work was published in the early seventeenth century. More often, women have adopted the names of masculine pens. This is common in the 19th century, when women began to enter the literature but, it seemed, would not be taken seriously by readers as male authors. For example, Mary Ann Evans writes with pen name George Eliot; and Amandine Aurore Lucile Dupin, Baronne Dudevant, using the pseudonym George Sand. Charlotte, Emily, and Anne BrontÃÆ'  «each published under the name Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. French writer and poet-Savoyard Amà © Ã… © lie Gex chose to publish as Dian de JeÃÆ'nna nna ("John, son of Jane") during the first half of his career. Karen Blixen was very successful Out of Africa (1937) originally published under the pen name Isak Dinesen. Victoria Benedictsson, a Swedish writer of the 19th century, writes under the name Ernst Ahlgren. Science fiction writer Alice B. Sheldon for many years was published under the masculine name James Tiptree, Jr., a discovery that led to an in-depth discussion of gender in the genre.
Recently, women who write in genre usually written by men sometimes choose to use initials, such as K. A. Applegate, C. J. Cherryh, P. N. Elrod, C. C. Riplinger, J. D. Robb, and J. K. Rowling. Or, they can use unisex pen names, such as Robin Hobb (second name of novelist Margaret Astrid Lindholm Ogden).
Collective name
A collective name , also known as house name , is sometimes used with series fiction published under one pen name even though more than one author may have contributed to the series. In some cases, the first books in the series were written by one author, but subsequent books were written by ghost writers. For example, much of the subsequent books in The Saint's adventure series were not written by Leslie Charteris, the creator of this series. Similarly, Nancy Drew's mystery books were published as if written by Carolyn Keene, The Hardy Boys published as the work of Franklin W. Dixon, and The Twins Bobbsey is credited to Laura Lee Hope, although many writers have been involved in every series. Erin Hunter, author of the Warriors novel series, is actually the name of a collective pen used by writers Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui T. Sutherland, and the editor of Victoria Holmes.
Collaborative authors may also have their works published under a pen name. Frederic Dannay and Manfred B. Lee publish their novels and mystery stories under the pen name of Ellery Queen, and publish the works of ghost writers of the same name. The authors of the Atlanta Nights, a deliberately designed book intended to embarrass PublishAmerica publishing companies, use the Travis Tea pen name. In addition, the credited authors of The Expanse , James S.A. Corey, is a mixture of middle names from collaborative writers Daniel Abraham and Ty Franck, while S.A. is the initials of Abraham's daughter. Sometimes many authors will write books related to the same pseudonym; examples include T. H. Others in fiction. The Australian fictional collaborator who writes under the pen name of Alice Campion is a group of women who have so far written two novels together - The Painted Sky /2015) Der Bunte Himmel (2015) written by five and The Shifting Light (2017) by four.
In the 1780s, The Federalist Papers were written under the pseudonyms "Publius" by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. The three men chose the name "Publius" because he remembered the founder of the Roman Republic, and used it showed a positive intention.
Identity hiding
A disguise can be used to protect authors for exposÃÆ'Â © Â books about espionage or crime. Former SAS soldier Steven Billy Mitchell used the pseudonym Andy McNab for his book on the failed SAS mission titled Bravo Two Zero . The name Ibn Warraq ("son of paper maker") has been used by Muslim authors who disagree. The author Brian O'Nolan used pen names Flann O'Brien and Myles na gCopaleen for his novels and journalistic writings from the 1940s until the 1960s because Irish civil servants were not allowed at that time to publish works in their own name. The enigmatic identity of twentieth-century novelist, B. Traven, has never been expressed concretely, despite thorough research.
The multi-use name or anonymity pseudonym is a pseudonym that is open to anyone's use and has been adopted by various groups, often in protest against individual creator cults. In Italy, two groups of anonymous authors have gained popularity with the collective names of Luther Blissett and Wu Ming.
Maps Pen name
Eastern Literature
India
In Indian, writers can put pen names at the end of their names, like Ramdhari Singh Dinkar. Sometimes they also write their pen name without their real name like Firaq Gorakhpuri.
In early Indian literature, we found the authors avoiding using any name because they consider it selfish. Because of this idea, even today it is difficult to trace the authorship of many earlier works of literature from India. Later, we found that the authors adopted the practice of using the name of their worship deity or Master's name as their pen name. In this case, usually the pen name will be entered at the end of the prose or poem.
Composers of Indian classical music use pen names in composition to affirm authorship, including Sadarang, Gunarang (Fayyaz Ahmed Khan), Ada Rang (Muhammad Shah's court musicians), Sabrang (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan), and Ramrang (Ramashreya Jha). Other compositions are apocryphal ascribed to composers with their pen names.
Japanese
The Japanese poet who writes haiku often uses haig? (??). The haiku poet, Matsuo Bash? have used two other haigs? before he became fond of the banana plant (boss) that had been given to him by a disciple and began to use it as a pen name at the age of 36 years.
Similar to pen names, Japanese artists usually have g? or art-names, which may change several times during their career. In some cases, artists adopt various g? at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their lives. One of the most extreme examples of this is the Hokusai, which in the period from 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six. Ogure Ito Manga Artist uses the pen name Oh! great because Ogure Ito's real name is roughly how the Japanese say "oh great".
Persian and Urdu poet
- Note: The Urdu poet list provides pen names for various Urdu poets.
A shÃÆ' Â ¢ 'er (Persian from Arabic, for poet) (a poet who wrote she'rs in Urdu or Persian) almost always has "takhallus", pen name, traditionally placed at the end of the name (often marked with a graphical sign placed on it) when referring to the poet with his full name. For example, Hafez is the pen name for Shams al-Din , and thus the usual way to refer to it is Shams al-Din Hafez or just Hafez >. Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (his official name and title) is referred to as Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib , or just Mirza Ghalib .
Etymology
The French phrase nom de plume is sometimes still seen as a synonym for the English "pen name": this is a "back translation" and is from England rather than French. HW Fowler and FG Fowler, in The King's English state that the term "nom de plume" evolved in England, where people who wanted the phrase "literature" failed to understand the term nom de guerre , which is already in French. Since guerre means "war" in French, nom de guerre does not make sense to the English, who do not understand French metaphors. See also French phrases used by English speakers.
See also
- Art-name
- Chinese courtesy name
- Ghost Writer
- List of pen names
- List of pseudonyms
- Nom de guerre
- Pseudepigraphy
- Ringing name - an equivalent concept among professional wrestlers.
- Stage name - equivalent concept among players.
- Slave name
- The alias name
References
Information notes
Quotes
Further reading
- Space, Adrian, ed. (2004). Dictionary Pseudonym: 11,000 Assumed Names and Their Origin . McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1658-0.
External links
- Pen Name
- English King, H. W. Fowler & amp; F. G. Fowler
- [1]
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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