Baby-led weaning (often also referred to as BLW ) is a method of adding complementary foods to a breastmilk or infant formula diet. Food development methods, BLW facilitates the development of appropriate oral motor control age while maintaining a positive and interactive experience. Baby-led weaning allows infants to control the consumption of their solid foods by "feeding themselves" from the beginning of their experience with food. The term weaning should not be considered to imply formula or breast milk, but only the introduction of foods other than formula or breast milk.
Video Baby-led weaning
Development of oral motor skills
Since the baby, the only motor pattern of the mouth that is appreciated is to suck-swallow-breathe. This reflexive way of feeding allows the baby to breastfeed at birth (from the breast or bottle) while protecting their airway and meeting their nutritional needs (Case-Smith & Humphry, in Case-Smith, 2005). Oral motor patterns required to eat and swallow solid foods include tongue lateralization, tongue enhancement, and chewing/chewing, and unlike the breathing-breathing sequence, the coordination of this oral motor pattern is studied, not reflexively (Morris & Dunn Klein, 2000). When a baby is offered a pure spoon, a familiar or familiar oral motor pattern is being sucked. Because the puree is thicker than formula or breast milk, the puree is sucked from the spoon served and moved in the mouth in the same way as the liquid. This is generally seen as part of the process of introducing solid foods and parents are often encouraged to pass this. In contrast, current research supports that early negative experience with eating causes poor food acceptance in subsequent years (Courtland, Harris, & Emmett, 2009). Through exciting exploration, BLW provides an opportunity for babies to practice new oral motor patterns. Through this method, the baby gradually develops the motor patterns of the mouth necessary for mature, chew, and swallow bolus manipulation, and allows the baby to be responsible for what goes into their mouths, how they enter, and when. (Case-Smith, 2005, Rapley & Murkett, 2008).
Maps Baby-led weaning
Method
Babies are offered a variety of foods to provide a balanced diet starting about 6 months. They often start by taking and licking or sucking pieces of food, before progressing to a meal. Babies can usually start breastfeeding themselves at about 6 months of age, although some are ready and will reach food as early as 5 months and some will wait up to 7 or 8 months. The purpose of this process is that it is tailored to the needs of each baby and their personal development. The 6 month age guide provided by the World Health Organization is based on studies showing that the internal digestive system is mature when the baby is 4-6 months old.
Early feeding alone often results in very little food being digested as the baby explores texture and taste through play, but the baby will soon begin to swallow and digest what is offered. The formula or breastfeeding continues along with weaning and milk is always offered before solids in the first 12 months. Although breastfeeding is an ideal precursor of nutrition for weaned-headed infants (since infants have been exposed to different flavors through mother's breast milk and the jaw action used during breastfeeding helps babies learn to chew), it is also very likely to introduce infant formula into solids using a method BLW. Infants fed formula can successfully wean using BLW. so the baby gets used to the taste and develops the ability to chew.
Providing infants with table foods initiates the development of strong oral motor controls to chew and swallow, including lateralization of the tongue and formation of the final bolus. When the baby forms a food texture, the lateral reflex tongue forces them to move their tongue sideways to lick and taste the food. Through follow-up practice, infants learn to laterally lateralize their tongues - the first step in the development of chewing/chewing patterns (Case-Smith, 2005, Morris & Dunn Klein, 2000).
General information
Baby-led weaning puts emphasis on the exploration of taste, texture, color and smell as babies manage their own steps to eat, choosing which foods to center. Instead of the traditional method of scooping the smoothed food into the baby's mouth, the baby is presented with a varied finger food plate from which to choose.
According to one theory, babies will choose foods with nutrients that may be slightly less, guided by flavor. Babies learn most effectively by observing and imitating others, and allowing them to eat the same foods at the same time as other family members contribute to a positive weaning experience.
Breastfeeding supports child's motor development in many vital areas, such as eye-hand coordination and chewing. This encourages the child toward independence and often provides stress-free alternatives for meals, both for children and for parents. Some babies refuse to eat solid food when offered with a spoon, but are happy to help themselves to get finger food.
As recommended by the World Health Organization and some other health authorities around the world, there is no need to introduce solids for a baby's diet until after 6 months, and by that time the child's digestive system and their fine motor skills have developed enough to enable them to feed own. Baby-led weaning takes advantage of the child's natural developmental stage.
When babies bring solid food to their own mouths, they are the guys who guide the sensory experience, starting and stopping when they are comfortable and ready. When food moves too posteriorly in the mouth triggering gag reflex, bolus all is removed from the mouth. Also, food moves slowly compared to liquids, and is not often sucked into the pharynx, allowing penetration of the larynx or bolus aspiration. Food bolus will trigger a vomiting response first and issued before touching the front of the larynx. Babies therefore take advantage of vomiting reflexes to study three important concepts: their mouth limits, desensitizing their vomiting reflexes, and how to protect their airways when volitionally ingesting solid foods (Rapley & Murkett, 2008).
As the baby approaches the age of one year, the gag reflex moves posteriorly, closer to the laryngeal vestibule. This allows the food to move closer to the front of the larynx before triggering the gag. While this allows for the enhancement of the ability to swallow safely, if oral skills are immature due to lack of exercise, this puts older babies at high risk for choking and the aspiration of immodestly chewed food ingredients into the lungs (Morris & Dunn-Klein, 2000). ). Oral motor development will show that if infants do not learn how to manage boluses intra-orally and their swallowing time, more choking will occur after the age of one year, when traditional foods the more dense added to the child's diet (Morris & Dunn-Klein, 2000). No clinical studies have been completed to support the association between vomiting and gagging reflexes. It is still advisable to avoid classic "choking hazards" or inhale foods: whole grapes, hotdog coins, cherry tomatoes, etc. (Rapley & Murkett, 2008).
The BLW authors confirm other strategies that are in line with traditional dietary safety guidelines. For example, it is recommended that the baby sit upright, in a high chair that supports for all eating experiences. This reduces the impact of gravity on swallowing, enabling easy bolus expulsion by choking, reducing the movement of food to pharynx inadvertently. In addition, a child who has a rod and head control to sit independently although eating (proximal stability) will be more likely to demonstrate adequate distal coordination for strong motor control of the mouth (Case-Smith & Humphry, in Case-Smith, 2005 ).
Basic principles
The basic principles of weaning babies are:
- At the beginning of the process, the baby is allowed to refuse food, and may be offered again at a later date.
- The child is allowed to decide how much to eat. No "charging" is offered at the end of the meal with a spoon.
- Food should not be rushed.
- Food should be offered when parents are also eating, to set an example and help learn through reflection of behavior.
- A lot of water is offered with food.
- Initially, soft fruits and vegetables were given. Harder foods are cooked lightly to make them soft enough to chew even with bare gums.
- Foods with obvious hazards, such as nuts, are not offered.
- Non-finger foods, such as oatmeal and yogurt, can be offered with a spoon so babies can learn to feed themselves with a spoon.
Scientific research
Very little scientific research has been done on weaning babies. However, a study headed by child health specialist Charlotte M. Wright from Glasgow University, Scotland found that while BLW works for most babies, it can cause nutritional problems for children who develop more slowly than others. Wright concludes "that it is more realistic to encourage babies to feed themselves with solid finger food during family meals, but also give them tablespoons of purees."
In contrast, the baby's natural diet until the age of one is breast milk (or synthetic equivalent like formula milk). It is important for parents not to reduce the volume of milk until about one year of age or until the baby consumes enough solid food to support weight gain (AAP, 2013). BLW supporters will argue that nursing mothers should change their own diet to improve baby nutrition before pushing to increase intake of solid foods (Rapley & Murkett, 2008).
Historically, mothers are usually told to maintain tight schedules for breastfeeding, limiting time in the breast and frequency. As a result, many mothers have low milk supplies (because breast milk is a phenomenon of supply demand), and therefore their babies "fail to thrive." Not surprisingly, the number of available formulas is skyrocketing, as are the availability of tense or mashed "baby food". In the 1930s, Gerber's puree was available for purchase. Current breastfeeding recommendations recommend an on-demand feeding schedule that should help maintain a sufficient supply of mother's milk to nourish the baby during the first year of life (Rapley & Murkett, 2008).
More recent studies at the University of Nottingham by Ellen Townsend and Nicola J. Pitchford show that weaning infants may cause less obesity in childhood. The authors conclude that "the results show that babies are weaned through a baby-led approach learned to regulate their dietary intake in a way, leading to lower BMI and preference for healthy foods like carbohydrates." Feed specialists, Kary Rappaport, OTR/L, SWC, CLE also concluded that BLW babies, who lead their own food exploration and are exposed to a variety of flavors, textures and smells that are consistent at an early age are more likely to develop a positive interest in food. This can reduce the eating behavior of "picky" in toddlers and small children.
Researcher Joel Voss, a neuroscientist at Northwestern University stated, "The bottom line is, if you're not the one who controls your learning, you will not learn too" (Davis, 2013). As adults control activity, the inherent love of exploration and discovery is lost. BLW enables natural interactions, as well as development and play with food, which has the potential to develop lifelong curiosity with food.
See also
- Baby food
References
American Academy of Pediatrics (2013). Ages & amp; Stages: feed & amp; nutrition. Retrieved 10th October 2013. http://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/feeding-nutrition/Pages/default.aspx.
Case-Smith, J & amp; Humphry, R. (2005). Eating Interventions. At J.Case-Smith (Ed.), Occupational Therapy for children (pp.Ã, 481-520). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Morris, S.E, & amp; Dunn-Klein, M. (2000). Feeding Skills: Comprehensive resources for the development of mealtimes (2nd ed.). Austin, TX: PRO-ED, Inc.
Rapley, G. & amp; Murkett, T. (2005). Baby Led Weaning: an important guide to introducing solid foods and helping your baby to grow into a happy and confident eater. New York, NY: Trial, LLC.
Footnote
External links
- BabyLedWeaning.com
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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