Chinese private name is the name used by people from mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and Chinese diaspora abroad. Because of China's historical dominance of East Asian culture, many names used in Korea and Vietnam are the adaptation of Chinese names, or have historical roots in Chinese, with appropriate adaptations to accommodate linguistic differences.
The modern Chinese names consist of a family name known as xing (? , xÃÆ'¬ng ), which comes first and usually but is not always monosyllabic, followed by a private name called ming (? , mÃÆ'ng ), which is almost always mono or syllable two. Before the 20th century, the learned Chinese also used the "name of courtesy" or "style name" called zi (? , zÃÆ'¬ ) where they are known among the people outside their family and their closest friends.
From at least the Shang dynasty, Han Chinese observed a number of naming taboos which governed or may not use the name of a person (without disrespect). In general, using the given name links the speaker's authority and the superior position to the recipient. Peers and younger relatives are forbidden to speak. Because of this, many Chinese historical figures - especially emperors - use half a dozen or more different names in different contexts and for different speakers. Those who have names (sometimes even homophones) that are identical to the emperor are often forced to change it. The normalization of personal names after the Fourth Movement of May has generally erased aliases such as school names and honor names but traces of old taboos remain, especially in families.
Video Chinese name
Histori
Although some terms in the ancient Chinese naming system, such as xÃÆ'¬ng ( ) and mÃÆ'ng (? ), still used today, they are used in different and more complex ways than in modern China.
In the first half of the first millennium BC, during the Zhou dynasty, members of the Chinese nobility could have up to four different names - personal names ( mÃÆ'ng ?), Clan names ( xÃÆ'ÃÆ' ¬ng ?), the name of the lineage ( shÃÆ'¬ ?), and the name "style" or "courtesy" ( zÃÆ'¬ ?) - and up to two titles: standard ( juÃÆ' Â © ?), and the posthumous title ( shÃÆ'¬ ? or shÃÆ'¬hÃÆ' o ??). The average person has only a personal name ( ming ), and the modern concept of "surname" or "surname" does not yet exist in every society. The old lineage ( shi ) and clan names ( xing ) began to be "surnames" in the modern sense and trickled into ordinary people around 500 BC, during the end of Spring and the Autumn period, but the process took several centuries to complete, and it was not until the Han dynasty (1st and 2nd centuries AD) until all the Chinese commoners had a surname.
Maps Chinese name
Last name
Although there are currently more than 4,000 Chinese names (?, xÃÆ'¬ng ) used in China, the daily expression for "Chinese people" is B? IxÃÆ'¬ng (??) "Hundred Marga" and only a hundred surnames still make up more than 85% of China's 1.3 billion. In fact, only the top three - Wang (?), Li (?), And Zhang (?) - cover more than 20% of the population. This homogeneity is generated from most of the Han family names that have only one character, while a small number of compound family names are largely confined to minority groups. This is not always true in Chinese history: between the first and fifth centuries, a law against multi-character personal names briefly popularized the names of two characters and a number of important figures such as Zhuge Liang and Sima Qian possessed them.
Chinese surnames come from two separate prehistoric traditions: xÃÆ'¬ng (?) And shÃÆ'¬ (?). Original xÃÆ'¬ng is a royal clan in the Shang palace and always includes a radical 'woman'. The shÃÆ'¬ does not belong to the family, but is symbolized by fiefs, states, and titles given or acknowledged by the Shang court. Regardless of the Jiang (?) Dan Yao (?) Family, the original xÃÆ'¬ng almost disappeared but the term ironically reverses its meaning. XÃÆ'Â ¤ is now used to describe the name of the shÃÆ'¬ which replaces it, while shÃÆ'¬ is used to refer to the girl's name.
Large modern clans sometimes share ancestral spaces with one another, but actually consist of many different genealogies collected with one name. For example, the name of Ma (?) Includes the descendants of the belligerent Warokrat era of Zhao She, the descendants of his people in his power Mafu, Korea from unrelated confederations, and Muslims from all western China who choose to honor Muhammad Nevertheless, however weak the bond is sometimes - sometimes, it remains a small taboo to marry someone with the same surname.
Traditionally, a married woman makes her name unchanged, without adopting the surname of her husband. A child will inherit his father's family name. This is still the norm in mainland China, although marriage law explicitly states that a child may use one of the parents' surnames. It is also possible, though much more common, for a child to combine the surnames of both parents. Due to Western influences, some of the larger areas of China, such as Hong Kong and Macao, have also adopted the tradition of women who changed their last names, or added their husbands to hers.
Name given
Chinese given names (??, mÃÆ'ngzi ) show much greater diversity than surnames, while still being limited almost universally to one or two syllables. Including various forms, there are at least 106,000 Chinese characters, but in 2006, in the Public Security Bureau of the People's Republic of China only about 32,000 were supported for computer input and even less commonly used. The given name is chosen based on a variety of factors, including fun voice ownership and tonal quality, as well as positive relationships or beautiful shapes. Two ming characters can be selected for every meaning and quality of each character, but the name remains a unit that is almost always said together even when the combination no longer 'means' anything.
Today, the names of two characters are more common and make up more than 80% of Chinese names. However, this habit has only been consistent since the Ming dynasty. Approximately 70% of all names are only one character long during the initial Han and that rose beyond 98% after the battle Wang Mang forbade all the names of the two characters directly. Although the Xin dynasty was short-lived, the law was not revoked until 400 years later, when the northern invasion and interest in building a lineage revived interest in longer names. Tang and Song see populations with a majority of the names of two characters for the first time, but Liao between them and Yuan afterwards prefers a single character name. Restoration of Han domination under Ming, the promotion of Han culture under Qing, and the development of the name of the generation form the current tradition.
Given the names that resonate from a quality that is considered masculine or feminine is often given, with men attributed to strength and firmness and women with beauty and interest. It's also more common for female names to use lowercase letters like Xi? O or multiple characters in their official names, although there are examples of famous men such as Li Xiaoping and Yo-Yo Ma. People from previous villages often make names that reflect rural life - for example, Daniu (??, lit. "Big Ox") and Dazhu (??, lit. "Big Pole") - but names like that are becoming less common.
It is also considered a bad form for a child's name after a famous person, although tens of thousands may occur to share common names like "Liu Xiang". Similarly, because of the traditional naming taboo, it is not uncommon in China to name a child directly after a relative, since such children would allow junior family members to use senior personal names improperly. Ancestors can leave different types of signs: Chinese naming schemes often use the name of the generation. Every child recorded in a family record in each generation will share the same character in their name. Sixteen, thirty-two, or more generations will work first to form a generation poem. For example, selected in 1737 for the Mao Zedong family read:
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- ?????, High & amp; display inconspicuously in the presence of men,
- ?????? And learn & amp; the method will expand the limits of our wealth .
- ?????, The goodness of the ancestors left goodness for centuries,
- ?????? Descendants are forever required for their prosperity .
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This scheme was in the fourteenth generation when Mao refused to name his own children, preferring to give his son the name of the generation An (?, lit. "Lofty", "Proud") instead. A similar practice is observed regarding the names of the Chinese opera stage: all students entering the training academy that same year will adopt the same first character in their new "new name". For example, as part of a class that entered the National Drama School in 1933, Li Yuru adopted the name with the central character "jade" (?).
Depending on specific areas and families, girls are not included in family records and thus do not share the name of the generation of boys, although they may have borne a separate one among themselves. Even where the name of the generation is not used, the name of the brother is often linked, so a boy named Song (?, lit. "Pine") may have a sister named Mei (?, lit. "Plum").
More recently, though the name of the generation has become less common, many personal names reflect the period of Chinese history. For example, after the Communist victory in the Civil War, many Chinese gave birth to "revolutionary names" such as Qiangguo (??, lit. "Strong Nation" or Dongfeng (?? , lit. "Eastern Wind"). Similarly, in Taiwan, it was common to combine one of the four characters from the name "Chinese Republic" (????, Zhao NghuÃÆ'¡ MÃÆ'nguÃÆ'³ ) into masculine names. A fashion name such as Aoyun ("Olympic") also appears. Because of both effects, there is also a recent tendency in China to hire fortune tellers to change people's names into new names that are more in line with traditional Taoist teachings and the five elements.
Spelling
The process of changing Chinese names into phonetic alphabets is called romanization.
In mainland China, Chinese names have been romanized using the Hanyu Pinyin system since 1958. Although the experiment with complete conversion from China to the Pinyin alphabet failed, it remains commonly used and has become the transcription system of the Singapore government of the United States. State, and International Organization for Standardization. After decades of avoiding its use, Taiwan officially adopted Pinyin as the "New Phonetic System" in 2009, although it continues to allow its citizens to use other romanizations on official documents such as passports. This system is easily identified by the frequent use of unusual letters in English, such as "q", "x", and "z"; when a tone is inserted, they are recorded through a tone mark. In Pinyin, ??? written as MÃÆ'¡o ZÃÆ'Ã… © d? ng.
The proper use of Pinyin ("romanization") means treating a name and being named as exactly two separate words without spaces between the letters of some Chinese characters. As an example, "???" is properly given either with the tone mark as "WÃÆ'¡ng XiÃÆ'¹y? ng" or without as "Wang Xiuying", but should not be written as "Wang Xiu Ying", "Wang XiuYing", "Wangxiuying", and so on. In rare cases where a family name consists of more than one character, it should also be written as a unit: "Sima Qian", not "Si Ma Qian" or "Si Maqian". However, since Chinese is hardly using spaces, native speakers often do not know this rule and simply place a space between each Chinese character of their name, causing those accustomed to the alphabetical language to think of xing and < i> ming as three words instead of two.
The transition to Pinyin is still fairly new to Taiwan and many non-standard spellings continue to be found, including "Lee" and "Soong". Similarly, many Taiwanese and historical names still use older Wade-Giles systems. This English-influenced system is identified by the use of "hs" digraphs (for pinyin x ) and "ts" (for pinyin x ) and c ) and with the use of hyphens to connect multi-character syllables. The correct reading depends on the inclusion of superscript numbers and the use of apostrophes to distinguish between different consonants, but in practice both are ignored. At Wade-Giles, ??? written as Mao Tse-tung, since the system names a name between characters. For example, Wang Xiuying and Sima Qian are written in Wade as "Wang 2 Hsiu 4 -Ying 1 " and "Ssu 1 Ma 3 Ch'ien 1 ".
Pinyin and Wade-Giles represent Mandarin pronunciation, based on the Beijing dialect. In Hong Kong, Macao and the diaspora community in Southeast Asia and abroad, the Chinese often romanize according to the dialect or lingua franca or their own language mostly spoken in the region or country where they live, especially the Cantonese, Hokkien, and Hakka. This happens in the midst of a number of competing romanization systems. In Hong Kong, many Chinese who grew up under British occupation adopted the English spelling convention for their names: "Lee" for ?, "Shaw" for ?, and so on. In Macau, Chinese names are also sometimes transliterated on the basis of Portuguese and Yuetping orthography. The Chinese from Hong Kong, Macau and the diaspora communities in Malaysia and Singapore completely divide the characters in their names with spaces as a matter of course.
The last point is that - although the characters have remained more or less the same since the Han dynasty and some of the classical grammar is still part of the Chinese middle school's core curriculum - the vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation have all changed from Old to Medium to Modern Chinese even in prestige dialects. So, even though modern Chinese read "Confucius" (???) like K? Ng F? Z? via Pinyin Of course, at that time, he was called by his courtesy name (??, ZhÃÆ'²ngnÃÆ' ) instead.
Alternate name
From the earliest recorded history, the Chinese observed a number of naming taboos, avoiding names of ancestors, ancestors, and rulers out of respect and fear. As a result, the upper classes of traditional Chinese culture usually use various names during their lifetime, and the sacred emperors and saints still have others.
Current naming practices are more straightforward and consistent, but some aliases or alternate names remain common.
When discussing Chinese writers, Chinese and Japanese scholars do not consistently use certain names, be they personal names or alternate names.
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Milk
Traditionally, babies are named a hundred days after their birth; modern naming law in the People's Republic of China gives parents a month before requiring babies to be registered. After birth, parents often use the "milk name" (??, r? MÃÆ'ng ; ??) - usually using small ones like xi? O (?, light. "small") or double the character - before the official name is set, often consult with grandparents. Dairy names can be abandoned but often continued as familial nicknames. The tradition sometimes attached to the name of the milk is choosing an unpleasant name, to cast out demons who might want to hurt the child.
Nickname
Nickname ( t ?? , s Ã, ?? , chuÃÆ'²hÃÆ' o , or ?? , wÃÆ' ihÃÆ' o ) is obtained in China in the same way as in other countries. Not everyone has it. Most who accept them in childhood or adolescence from family or friends. The general Chinese nickname is based on one's physical attributes, speaking style, or behavior. Names involving animals are common, although they may be related to different attributes than they are in English: for example, a strong Chinese cow, not stupid; sly fox, not smart; the pig is ugly, lazy, stupid, or content, but not dirty. Similarly, nicknames that may seem very offensive in English - such as "Little Fatty" (??) - are more acceptable in Mandarin. One of the common methods for creating a nickname is the prefix? - (?) Or Xi? O (? ) to the surname or the second character of the given name. ? - more common in southern China and abroad, while Xi? o common throughout China. Second ? - and Xi? O is distinguished from L? O (? , "old" but see below for usage). Nicknames are rarely used in formal or semi-formal settings, although the notable exception is A-bian.
Western name
English is taught throughout Chinese secondary schools and the English section is a mandatory component of Gaokao , Chinese college entrance exams. Many Chinese teenagers obtain English names, which they can store and use as nicknames even in the Chinese context. The Chinese can use English names for various reasons, including the difficulties of strangers with Chinese tones and the tendency of modern Chinese to regard foreign names as modern or egalitarian. The freedom associated with choosing a name given by China sometimes leads to the selection of an English name that seems strange to native English speakers. Names like Chlorophyll, Candy, Devil or Whale are fairly common, and even the actual English names chosen by the Chinese often tend to be rarely used by native English speakers.
In Hong Kong, due to the British rule of one and a half centuries, many Hong Kong people will choose English names as early as attending an English class in kindergarten, or even have an English alias embedded in official documentation. English alias widely used in school and at work. Similar to Singapore, which shares similar historical developments, it is very common among Hong Kong people to talk to each other with English aliases. English alias may be accepted as part of the name in the official documentation, but whether inclusion is optional for the individual.
It is also becoming more popular for parents to give their children a middle name among their given names and family names, similar to many Western traditions.
School name
The name of the school ( t ??, s ??, xuÃÆ'Â © mÃÆ'ng ) is the separate official name used by the child when they are at school.
As the binomial nomenclature is also called xuÃÆ' Â © mÃÆ'ng in Chinese, the name of the school is also sometimes now referenced as xÃÆ'¹nmÃÆ'ng (??) to avoid confusion.
Name of honor
As an adult, it is common for educated men to get the names of good manners (?, zÃÆ'¬ or,, bi? OzÃÆ'¬ ) either from parents, teachers, or selection independent. The name usually reflects the meaning of the name given to a person or displays the birth order within the family.
This exercise is a consequence of warnings within the Book of Rites that among adults it is impolite to be handled by the names given by others in the same generation. The given name is properly reserved for the use of one's elders, while the name of courtesy is employed by peers on formal and written occasions. The practice was denounced by the Four May Movement and has largely been abandoned.
Pseudonym
A pseudonym or alias ( t ?, s ?, hÃÆ' o ) or pen name ( t ??, s , b? mÃÆ'ng ) is an alternative choice courtesy name, most often three or four characters. They may come from too many people who have the same courtesy name.
Some - but that does not mean most - the authors continue to use style pen names. An example of this is the isolation and opposition writer, Zhao Zhenkai, whose name is "Bei Dao" (??, lit. "North Island").
Postharvest Name
The posthumous name ( t , s , shÃÆ'¬hÃÆ' o ) is the name of honor chosen after one's death, is widely used for royalty. The common "name" of most of the Chinese emperors before the Tang dynasty - with the strict exception of Shi Huangdi - was their posthumous. In addition to emperors, nobles and successful politicians like Sun Yat-sen also occasionally receive posthumous degrees.
The name of the temple
The name of the temple ( t , from the emperor inscribed in the spiritual hull of the imperial ancestral temple is often different from posthumous name. The final structure becomes very limited, consisting of a single and good adjective z? (?) Or z? Ng (?). This common emperor's "name" between Tang and Yuan is their temple.
Era Name
The name of era (??, niÃÆ'¡nhÃÆ' o ) emerged from the dating habits of many years by the reigning emperor government. Under Han, training begins to change the names of governments as a way of getting out bad luck and attracting better. Almost all the names of the era are literary and employed exactly two characters. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, emperors had been largely liberated from practice and kept a name of the era during their reign, in such a way that it was common to refer to Ming and Qing emperors by the name of their era.
Forms address
In the family, it is often considered inappropriate or even offensive to use the names of relatives who are given the senior to the speaker. In contrast, it is more common to identify each family member with an abstract hierarchical relationship: between siblings, gender and birth order (older sister, second sister, and so on); for large families, ways of relationship (through birth or marriage, from the mother or father).
Hierarchical degrees of junior relatives are rarely used except in formal situations, or as indirect references when talking to family members who are even younger than the person concerned. Children can be called by a given name, or their parent can use their nickname.
When talking about non-family social acquaintances, people are usually referred to as Ms. Li (Simplified Chinese: ??? ; traditional Chinese: ??? ; pinyin: l? M? Ma ) or Mrs. Zhu (???, pinyin: zh? TÃÆ' itai ). Private names are used when referring to adult friends or children, though, unlike in the west, referring to someone with their full names (including surnames) that are common even among friends, especially if the person's full name it's just two syllables. It is common to refer to someone as l? O (?, Old) or xi? O (?, Young) followed by their surname, so L? O WÃÆ'¡ng (??) or Xi? O Zh? Ng (??, ??). Xi? O is also often used as a lowercase letter, when it is usually paired with a second or only character in someone's name, rather than last name. Note that since parents are highly respected in Chinese society, l? O (old) does not bring any dishonor, infringement or negative implications even if it is used to refer to older women. Nonetheless, it is advisable for non-Chinese to avoid calling someone xi? O-something or I-o-something unless they are called by other Chinese people and it is clear that the title is acceptable and widely used. If not, use a person's full name, or alternatively, their surname followed by xi? Nsheng (Chinese: ?? , mister) or n? ShÃÆ'¬ (Mandarin: ?? , madam) is relatively neutral and is unlikely to cause a violation.
In school settings and when talking to former classmates, it is common to refer to them as older siblings, such as Zhao's elder brother (simplified Chinese: ?? ; Traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: ZhÃÆ' o GÃÆ' Â © ) or eg sister Zhang (Simplified Chinese: traditional Chinese: << i> zh-Latn-pinyin "> Zh? ng J? e ) if they are from the senior class, or just to show respect or closeness. Conversely (eg, Zhao's younger brother) is rarely used. This habit generates from traditional forms of respectful addresses, where it is considered rude to be directly addressed to your seniors.
While titles in many cultures are generally determined by gender and, in some cases, marital status, occupation or even a person's degree can be used as a title as a sign of respect in the general address in Chinese culture. Because of the prestigious position of a teacher in traditional culture, a teacher is always called by his students (eg Chinese: = "zh-Latn-pinyin"> L? L? osh? ; literally: "Master Li"), and usually by others as a mark of respect. Where applicable, "Family Name Teacher" is considered more respectful than "Father/Mother/Miss Names" in Chinese. A professor is also commonly called a "teacher", although "professor" is also accepted as an honorable title. By extension, junior or less experienced members of the workplace or profession will call the more senior members as "Teachers".
Similarly, engineers are often addressed as such, though often shortened to only the first character of the word "engineer" - Chinese: ? ; pinyin: G? ng . If the intended person is the head of the company (or just the middle manager of another company you want to show respect for), people who can equally address them with the title "z? Ng" (simplified Chinese: ? ), meaning "general" or "whole", and is the first character of titles such as "Director-General" or "General Manager" (eg simplified Chinese: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: L? z? ng ), or, if they are slightly lower in the corporate hierarchy but even so manager, by affixing J? ngl? (Chinese simplified: ?? ; traditional Chinese: ?? , manager).
Variations
Unusual names
Because a small number of Chinese family names cause confusion in the social sphere, and since some Chinese parents have a desire to give individuality, some Chinese have received an unusual name given. As of April 2009, some 60 million Chinese had unusual characters in their names. A 2006 report by China's public security bureau stated that of the approximately 55,000 Chinese characters used in the People's Republic of China, only 32,232 are supported by ministry computers. The PRC government has asked individuals with unusual names to change it so they can get public ID cards that new computers can read, and diversity prevents them from receiving new identity cards if they do not change their names.
Starting at least 2003, the PRC government has written a list of standard characters for everyday use in life, which will be a collection of characters to choose from when a child is given his name. Initially the limit was to take effect in 2005. In April 2009, the list had been revised 70 times, and still has not been enacted.
Wang Daliang, a linguistics scholar of Political Science at China Youth University, said: "Using an obscure name to avoid name duplication or being unique is not good.Now many people are confused by their names.Computers can not recognize them and people can not read them. has become an obstacle to communication. "Zhou Youyong, dean of Southeast University law school, believes that the ability to choose one's name is a basic right, so the PRC government should be careful when making new naming laws.
While most Han Chinese names consist of two or three characters, there are some Han Chinese with longer names, up to 15 characters. In addition, transliteration of ethnic languages ​​into Chinese characters often results in long names.
Taiwan
The Han surnames in Taiwan are similar to those in southeast China, as most families trace their origin to places like Fujian and Guangdong. The indigenous population of Taiwan has also adopted Chinese names as part of their Sinicization. The distribution of popularity of surnames in Taiwan as a whole is somewhat different from the distribution of names among all Han Chinese, with the surname Chen (?) Becoming more common (about 11% in Taiwan, compared to about 3% in Mainland). Local variations also exist.
The given names of one character are far more common in Taiwan than in the mainland.
A traditional practice, now largely superseded, is to choose deliberately objectionable names to counter evil signs and evil spirits. For example, a boy who is facing a serious illness may be named Ti-sÃÆ'¡i (??, lit. "Pig Shit") to show the evil spirits that he is not worth the their problems. Similarly, a girl from a poor family may have the name BÃÆ'³ng-chh? (??, lit. "No Takers").
Nicknames (???, gÃÆ'n-ÃÆ'¡-miÃÆ' Â ¢ , "children's names") are common and generally adopt the practice of South China by adding the prefix "A-" (?) To the tribe the last word of a person's name. Although these names are rarely used in formal contexts, there are several public figures known by their nicknames, including former A-bian presidents and singer A-mei.
Diaspora
Among the Americans of Chinese descent, it is a common practice to be called primarily by Western names and to use Chinese given names as a common name that is often omitted.
In Malaysia and Singapore, it is equally acceptable for Western names to appear before or after Chinese given names, in Latin characters. Thus, Singapore President Tony Tan may see his name written as "Tony Tan Keng Yam" or "Tan Keng Yam Tony". Individuals are free to register their official names in a good format on their identity cards. In general usage, the first English name of the first version is usually preferred because it creates the correct order for both systems; However, for administrative purposes, government agencies tend to place the last British name to organize lists of names and databases more easily, similar to Western practices organizing names with first names followed by commas ("Smith, John").
Hong Kong print media tend to adopt hybrid style names - for example, Andy Lau Tak-wah - though some people prefer American-style middle names, like Steven N. S. Cheung, or just use English names like Henry Lee. On official notes such as Hong Kong Identity Cards, surnames are always first printed in all Latin characters and followed by commas for all names, including those in Mandarin. Thus, the above examples will have an identity card that reads "LAU, Tak-wah Andy" or "CHEUNG, Steven Ng-sheong", with the specified name position determined at the time of application. Non-Chinese names are printed in the same style: "DOE, Jane".
Chinese names in English
The Chinese, except those who travel or live outside China, rarely reverse their names to the western naming sequence (named, then the surname). Western publications usually preserve the Chinese naming order, with the surname first, followed by the given name. Beginning in the early 1980s, in the case of people from Mainland China, western publications began using the Hanyu Pinyin romanization system rather than earlier romanization systems; this resulted from the normalization of diplomatic relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China in 1979.
The usual presentation of Chinese names in English is different from the usual presentation of modern Japanese names, as modern Japanese names are usually reversed to fit the western order in English. In English, the presentation of Chinese names is similar to Korean names. Edith Terry, author of How Asia Got Rich, said that "it was one of the ironies of the late twentieth century that Japan remained stranded on a formal device that underscored its historical quest for equality with the West while China established its provisions "In 1989, Pinyin became the preferred romanization system in works discussing contemporary China, while English books relevant to Japanese history still use the Wade-Giles system for more polish the Chinese name than any other romanization system. In 1993, Wade-Giles was still used in Taiwan. Unlike mainland China, Taiwanese usually place a hyphen between two characters of a given name, similar to a Korean name. This also applies to the standard styles of Chinese Chinese names, where the given name is hyphenated. The names of Malaysian Chinese and Chinese Chinese are often expressed in three parts (eg, Goh Chok Tong).
According to the Chicago Manual of Style , Chinese names are indexed with a family name without inversion and no commas, unless it is a Chinese who has adopted a Western name.
Chinese names in Japanese
In Japanese, Chinese names can be spoken either as close to native Chinese, Local readings (????) of characters, or using Sino-Japanese On'yomi reading (???) to pronounce Chinese characters. Local readings are often written in katakana rather than kanji, but not always. For example, ??? (Mao Zedong) pronounced M? Fear? using On'yomi reading, while Beijing (??) is spelled with starch but pronounced Pekin (???), with local readings (which may also be considered post-T? s? -on reading), rather than Hokky? (which will be the Kan-on reading).
Also see
- Onomastik
Chinese group name type:
- Chinese clan
- Generation name
- Miscellaneous personal names:
- The art name
- Chinese given name
- Chinese surname
- The honorable name
- Phase name
- Posthumous Name
- The temple name
Other links:
- Indonesian names adopted by Chinese Indonesians as the largest overseas Chinese group
- List of common Chinese family names
- Japanese name
- Korean name
- Named the law in the People's Republic of China
- Vietnamese name
References
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Source
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